Idayimani yendalo yayikhe yayindlela “ethandwayo” yabantu abaninzi, kwaye ixabiso eliduru likwavumela abantu abaninzi ukuba babaleke. Kodwa kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ixabiso ledayimani zendalo liyaqhubeka nokuphulukana nomhlaba. Kuyaqondwa ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni kwe-2022 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuhla okunyukayo kwixabiso ledayimani ezirhabaxa zilinywe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85%. Kwicala lokuthengisa, i-1-carat idayimani ezilinywayo ziye zawa ngaphezu kwe-80% ngokuphindaphindiweyo xa kuthelekiswa nendawo ephezulu.
Umthengisi inkulu ehlabathini idayimani zendalo - De Beers ngoDisemba 3, EST ziya kuthengiswa kwimarike yesibini amaxabiso rough diamond phantsi 10% ukuya 15%.
Abanye abahlalutyi baye bachaza ukuba uDe Beers udla ngokuthatha ukuhla kwamaxabiso amakhulu "njengendlela yokugqibela" yokumelana nokutshintsha kweemarike. Ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso amaninzi enkampani kubonise ukungxamiseka kwayo ebusweni bobunzima bemarike. Oku kukwabonisa ukuba, njengengxilimbela yeshishini, iDe Beers ejongene noxinzelelo oluphantsi kwimarike ayiphumelelanga ukuxhasa ixabiso ledayimani.
Ngokweziphumo zika-2023 ezikhutshwe nguDe Beers, ingeniso yeqela lehle nge-34.84% ukusuka kwi-6.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022 ukuya kwi-4.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ngelixa ukuthengiswa kwedayimani erhabaxa kwehle nge-40% ukusuka kwi-6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022 ukuya kwi-3.6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Ngokuphathelele izizathu zokuntywila kumaxabiso edayimani mva nje, abangaphakathi kwishishini bakholelwa ukuba uqoqosho olucothayo, utshintsho kubathengi abakhetha ukusuka kwidayimani ukuya kwizacholo zegolide, kunye nokuncipha kwenani lemitshato kucinezele imfuno yedayimani. Ukongeza, i-CEO ye-De Beers iphinde yachaza ukuba imeko ye-macroeconomic itshintshile kwaye abathengi bahamba ngokuthe ngcembe ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto ezithengiswayo ukuya kusetyenziso olujoliswe kwinkonzo, ngoko ke imfuno yokusetyenziswa kohlobo olunethezeka, olufana nedayimane, yehle kakhulu.
Kwaye kwahlalutywa ukuba ukuhla kwexabiso ledayimani ezirhabaxa kunye nokwehla kwemfuno yentengiso, ngakumbi ukuthandwa kweedayimani ezilinywa ngokwenziwa kucuthe imfuno yabathengi yeedayimani zendalo. Inkqubela phambili yezobuchwephesha yenze ukuba iidayimani ezenziwe ngabantu zisondele kumgangatho wedayimani zendalo kodwa ngexabiso eliphantsi, zitsala abathengi abaninzi, ngakumbi ekusetyenzisweni kobucwebe bemihla ngemihla, kwaye kubambe isabelo semarike seedayimani zendalo.
Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, iindlela zokuvelisa iidayimani ezilinywayo ziya zisiba nobuchule. Okwangoku, iindlela eziphambili zokuvelisa iidayimani ezilinywayo bubushushu obuphezulu kunye nendlela yoxinzelelo oluphezulu (HPHT) kunye ne-chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Zombini iindlela ziyakwazi ukuvelisa ngempumelelo idayimane ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwilabhoratri, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kuhlala kuphucuka. Ngelo xesha, umgangatho weedayimani ezilinywayo ubuye uphuculwe, kwaye ufaniswe nedayimane yendalo ngokubhekiselele kumbala, ukucaca kunye nokunqunyulwa.
Okwangoku, inani ledayimani ezilinywayo ezisetyenzisiweyo sele likhuphisana neidayimani zendalo. Ingxelo yamva nje ye-Tenoris, iziko lophando lwentengiso yase-US, yabonisa ukuba ukuthengiswa kwezinto zobucwebe ezigqityiweyo e-US kunyuke nge-9.9% ngo-Okthobha ka-2024, ...
apho ubucwebe bedayimane bendalo benyuka kancinci, bunyuke nge-4.7%; ngelixa iidayimani ezilinywayo zifikelele kuma-46%.
Ngokutsho kweqonga data Statista eJamani, ukuthengiswa kwedayimani akhuliswe ziya kufikelela malunga $18 billion kwimarike ubucwebe yehlabathi ngo-2024, kubalwa ngaphezu 20% kwimarike izacholo iyonke.
Idatha yoluntu ibonisa ukuba imveliso yedayimani yaseTshayina i-akhawunti malunga ne-95% yemveliso epheleleyo yehlabathi, ibeka kuqala kwihlabathi. Kwinkalo yeedayimani ezilinywayo, amandla emveliso yaseTshayina athatha malunga ne-50% yesakhono semveliso yedayimani esilinywayo kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ngokutsho uhlalutyo data ngokubonisana ngokuqinileyo Bain, intengiso yedayimani erhabaxa kulinywa China China ngo-2021 iya kuba 1.4 million carats, kunye izinga lokungena kwimarike diamond kulinywa 6.7%, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba imveliso idayimani rhabaxa kulinywa China iya kufikelela 4 million carats ngo-2025, kunye nesantya kulinywa diamond 13%. Abahlalutyi babonise ukuba ngenkqubela phambili yobuchwepheshe kunye nokuqatshelwa kwemarike, ishishini ledayimani elilinyiweyo lingenisa ixesha lokukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-09-2024